No need to remove those mods, most of them are very stable frameworks. (SMAPI gives that advice pretty generically.)
From translating the error to English, it sounds like one of the two files associated with your save was corrupted in some way. Definitely make a backup as advised above before doing anything else, but you may want to seek a guide for repairing Stardew save files. It's relatively unlikely that a mod caused this issue, and in any case fixing it won't be mod-related.